This resource is designed to help Year 10 students understand key vocabulary related to cell biology. It aligns with the AQA GCSE Biology syllabus and will enhance your understanding of essential terms and concepts.
Key Vocabulary
Cell Theory
The theory that all living organisms are composed of cells, cells are the basic unit of structure and function in living organisms, and all cells come from pre-existing cells.
Eukaryote
A type of cell that has a nucleus enclosed within a membrane and other membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic cells are found in animals, plants, fungi, and protists.
Prokaryote
A type of cell that does not have a membrane-bound nucleus or organelles. Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells.
Nucleus
The membrane-bound organelle in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA). The nucleus controls many of the functions of the cell by regulating gene expression.
Cytoplasm
The jelly-like substance within the cell membrane that contains all organelles and cell parts. The cytoplasm helps in the movement of materials around the cell and is the site of many biochemical reactions.
Cell Membrane
A thin, flexible barrier that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out of the cell. It is also involved in cell signaling and protection.
Extremophiles
Organisms, typically prokaryotic, that live in extreme environmental conditions (e.g., high temperature, salinity, or acidity). Extremophiles are often adapted to survive in environments where most life forms cannot.